§2023-09-06
¶1. Create disk image file to simulate
$ pwd
/home/alexlai/build/gentoo/src
$ ls -l
total 1781388
drwxrwxr-x 2 alexlai alexlai 6 九 1 15:34 boot
drwxr-xr-x 21 root root 4096 八 28 10:32 root
-rw-rw-r-- 1 alexlai alexlai 34359738368 九 1 15:41 rpi3-32G.img
-rw-rw-r-- 1 alexlai alexlai 245624008 八 28 11:06 stage3-arm64-systemd-20230827T234643Z.tar.xz
- rpi3-boot.img, 32G was created by,
alexlai@h2Jammy:~/build/gentoo/src$ dd if=/dev/zero of=rpi3-32G-systemd-2023-09-06.img bs=1M count=32768
# find out which /dev/loop?? is available
$ sudo losetup -f
[sudo] password for alexlai:
/dev/loop23
# associate the loop to img file
$ sudo losetup /dev/loop23 rpi3-32G-systemd-2023-09-06.img
alexlai@h2Jammy:~/build/gentoo/src$ sudo fdisk /dev/loop23
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.37.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xbcc810c9.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p):
Using default response p.
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-67108863, default 2048):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-67108863, default 67108863): +512M
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 512 MiB.
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code or alias (type L to list all): 0c
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'W95 FAT32 (LBA)'.
Command (m for help): n
Partition type
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p):
Using default response p.
Partition number (2-4, default 2):
First sector (1050624-67108863, default 1050624):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (1050624-67108863, default 67108863):
Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux' and of size 31.5 GiB.
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/loop23: 32 GiB, 34359738368 bytes, 67108864 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xbcc810c9
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/loop23p1 2048 1050623 1048576 512M c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
/dev/loop23p2 1050624 67108863 66058240 31.5G 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Re-reading the partition table failed.: Invalid argument
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or partx(8).
/dev/loop1: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/core18_2790.snap)
/dev/loop19: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/ubuntu-budgie-welcome_467.snap)
/dev/loop17: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/snapd_20092.snap)
/dev/loop8: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/core20_1974.snap)
/dev/loop15: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/gnome-42-2204_126.snap)
/dev/loop6: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/firefox_3026.snap)
/dev/loop23: []: (/home/alexlai/build/gentoo/src/rpi3-32G-systemd-2023-09-06.img)
/dev/loop13: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/hunspell-dictionaries-1-7-2004_2.snap)
/dev/loop4: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/core22_858.snap)
/dev/loop21: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/zola_810.snap)
/dev/loop11: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/gnome-42-2204_120.snap)
/dev/loop2: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/core20_2015.snap)
/dev/loop0: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/core18_2785.snap)
/dev/loop18: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/snapd-desktop-integration_57.snap)
/dev/loop9: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/gnome-3-38-2004_143.snap)
/dev/loop16: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/snapd-desktop-integration_83.snap)
/dev/loop7: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/firefox_3068.snap)
/dev/loop14: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/snapd_19993.snap)
/dev/loop5: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/core22_864.snap)
/dev/loop22: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/zola_814.snap)
/dev/loop12: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/gtk-common-themes_1535.snap)
/dev/loop3: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/bare_5.snap)
/dev/loop20: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/ubuntu-budgie-welcome_469.snap)
/dev/loop10: []: (/var/lib/snapd/snaps/gnome-3-38-2004_140.snap)
$ sudo partprobe /dev/loop23 <-- has to ??? like daemong-reload
$ sudo mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/loop23p1
mkfs.fat 4.2 (2021-01-31)
alexlai@h2Jammy:~/build/gentoo/src$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/loop23p2
mke2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
Discarding device blocks: done
Creating filesystem with 8257280 4k blocks and 2064384 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 0b28f169-afbb-4f0c-93f4-3754e627af42
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
$ sudo mount /dev/loop23p2 root
$ sudo tar xvfp stage3-amd64-systemd-20230903T170202Z.tar.xz -C root <-- amd64 x86_64 version
¶ Step 2. arch-chroot
$ sudo arch-chroot root /bin/bash
h2Jammy / # source /etc/profile
h2Jammy / # export PS1="(chroot) $PS1"
(chroot) h2Jammy / #
(chroot) h2Jammy / # lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
loop0 7:0 0 4K 1 loop
loop1 7:1 0 55.7M 1 loop
loop2 7:2 0 63.4M 1 loop
loop3 7:3 0 55.7M 1 loop
loop4 7:4 0 63.5M 1 loop
loop5 7:5 0 73.9M 1 loop
loop6 7:6 0 7.7M 1 loop
loop7 7:7 0 237.2M 1 loop
loop8 7:8 0 236.8M 1 loop
loop9 7:9 0 485.5M 1 loop
loop10 7:10 0 485.5M 1 loop
loop11 7:11 0 349.7M 1 loop
loop12 7:12 0 349.7M 1 loop
loop13 7:13 0 91.7M 1 loop
loop14 7:14 0 37.1M 1 loop
loop15 7:15 0 53.3M 1 loop
loop16 7:16 0 428K 1 loop
loop17 7:17 0 73.9M 1 loop
loop18 7:18 0 40.8M 1 loop
loop19 7:19 0 32G 0 loop
loop20 7:20 0 26.8M 1 loop
loop21 7:21 0 452K 1 loop
loop22 7:22 0 7.6M 1 loop
loop23 7:23 0 26.8M 1 loop
loop23 7:24 0 32G 0 loop
|-loop23p1 259:0 0 512M 0 part
`-loop23p2 259:1 0 31.5G 0 part /
sda 8:0 0 931.5G 0 disk
|-sda1 8:1 0 512M 0 part
|-sda2 8:2 0 15.2G 0 part [SWAP]
`-sda3 8:3 0 915.8G 0 part
¶ 2-1 nano /etc/resolv.conf as
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
ping google.comto test
(chroot) h2Jammy / # ping google.com
PING google.com (142.251.42.238) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from tsa01s11-in-f14.1e100.net (142.251.42.238): icmp_seq=1 ttl=116 time=5.21 ms
64 bytes from tsa01s11-in-f14.1e100.net (142.251.42.238): icmp_seq=2 ttl=116 time=3.69 ms
¶2-2. set locale
nano /etc/locale.genand uncommneten_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
(chroot) h2Jammy / # locale-gen
* Generating 2 locales (this might take a while) with 4 jobs
* (2/2) Generating C.UTF-8 ... [ ok ]
* (1/2) Generating en_US.UTF-8 ... [ ok ]
* Generation complete
* Adding locales to archive ..
¶2.3 /etc/profile
- nano /etc/profile
# /etc/profile: login shell setup
#
# That this file is used by any Bourne-shell derivative to setup the
# environment for login shells.
#
# Load environment settings from profile.env, which is created by
# env-update from the files in /etc/env.d
if [ -e /etc/profile.env ] ; then
. /etc/profile.env
fi
# You should override these in your ~/.bashrc (or equivalent) for per-user
# settings. For system defaults, you can add a new file in /etc/profile.d/.
export EDITOR=${EDITOR:-/bin/nano}
export PAGER=${PAGER:-/usr/bin/less}
unset ROOTPATH
# process *.sh files in /etc/profile.d
for sh in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
[ -r "$sh" ] && . "$sh"
done
unset sh
if [ -n "${BASH_VERSION-}" ] ; then
# Newer bash ebuilds include /etc/bash/bashrc which will setup PS1
# including color. We leave out color here because not all
# terminals support it.
if [ -f /etc/bash/bashrc ] ; then
# Bash login shells run only /etc/profile
# Bash non-login shells run only /etc/bash/bashrc
# Since we want to run /etc/bash/bashrc regardless, we source it
# from here. It is unfortunate that there is no way to do
# this *after* the user's .bash_profile runs (without putting
# it in the user's dot-files), but it shouldn't make any
# difference.
. /etc/bash/bashrc
else
PS1='\u@\h \w \$ '
fi
else
# Setup a bland default prompt. Since this prompt should be useable
# on color and non-color terminals, as well as shells that don't
# understand sequences such as \h, don't put anything special in it.
PS1="${USER:-$(whoami 2>/dev/null)}@$(uname -n 2>/dev/null) \$ "
fi
# export LANG, LC_ALL
export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
# LANG is the primary environmental variable that sets the default locale for your system.
export LC_ALL=C.UTF-8
# LC_ALL is another environmental variable that can override the settings of LANG and other LC_* variables for all locale categories.
#
# PS1
export PS1="(chroot) $PS1" # or PS1="(rpi3Chr) $PS1" to idicating building for rpi3
source /etc/profile
¶2.4 set time zone
(chroot) h2Jammy / # date
Sat Sep 2 01:21:48 -00 2023
(chroot) h2Jammy / # ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Taipei /etc/localtime
(chroot) h2Jammy / # date
Sat Sep 2 09:22:00 CST 2023
¶4. /etc/portage/repos.conf/gentoo.conf
-
(chroot) hc4Gentoo / # mkdir /etc/portage/repos.conf -
nano /etc/portage/repos.conf/gentoo.conf
[gentoo]
location = /var/db/repos/gentoo
sync-type = rsync
sync-uri = rsync://rsync.namerica.gentoo.org/gentoo-portage
auto-sync = yes
priority = 10
¶5. /etc/portage/make.conf
- sample make.conf is from,
# These settings were set by the catalyst build script that automatically
# built this stage.
# Please consult /usr/share/portage/config/make.conf.example for a more
# detailed example.
COMMON_FLAGS="-O2 -pipe"
CFLAGS="${COMMON_FLAGS}"
CXXFLAGS="${COMMON_FLAGS}"
FCFLAGS="${COMMON_FLAGS}"
FFLAGS="${COMMON_FLAGS}"
# WARNING: Changing your CHOST is not something that should be done lightly.
# Please consult https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Changing_the_CHOST_variable before changing.
# CHOST="aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu"
# to be able to `crossdev -t aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu --ov-output /opt/toolchains/`
# error messages:
# * Refusing to create a cross-compiler using the same
# * target name as your host utils.
# you have to comment `CHOST="aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu"`
# NOTE: This stage was built with the bindist Use flag enabled
# This sets the language of build output to English.
# Please keep this setting intact when reporting bugs.
LC_MESSAGES=C.utf8
# Pi3 users (or Pi4 users with a 1GiB variant) should be
# less aggressive here
MAKEOPTS="-j4"
¶6. emerge-webrsync
chroot) h2Jammy / # emerge-webrsync
!!! Section 'gentoo' in repos.conf has location attribute set to nonexistent directory: '/var/db/repos/gentoo'
!!! Invalid Repository Location (not a dir): '/var/db/repos/gentoo'
* PGP verification method: gemato
* Fetching most recent snapshot ...
* Trying to retrieve 20230901 snapshot from http://distfiles.gentoo.org ...
* Fetching file gentoo-20230901.tar.xz.md5sum ...
...
Number of deleted files: 0
Number of regular files transferred: 119,498
Total file size: 194.95M bytes
Total transferred file size: 194.95M bytes
Literal data: 194.95M bytes
Matched data: 0 bytes
File list size: 3.57M
File list generation time: 0.002 seconds
File list transfer time: 0.000 seconds
Total bytes sent: 104.66M
Total bytes received: 2.39M
sent 104.66M bytes received 2.39M bytes 3.51M bytes/sec
total size is 194.95M speedup is 1.82
* Cleaning up ...
Performing Global Updates
(Could take a couple of minutes if you have a lot of binary packages.)
* IMPORTANT: 10 news items need reading for repository 'gentoo'.
* Use eselect news read to view new items.
skip
(chroot) h2nas01 / # ls -l /etc/portage/make.profile
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 67 Aug 28 02:41 /etc/portage/make.profile -> ../../var/db/repos/gentoo/profiles/default/linux/amd64/17.1/systemd
(chroot) h2nas01 / # ls -l /var/db/repos/
total 4
¶ 7. Performing Global Updates
(chroot) h2nas01 / # emerge --ask --verbose --update --deep --newuse @world
* IMPORTANT: 10 news items need reading for repository 'gentoo'.
* Use eselect news read to view new items.
These are the packages that would be merged, in order:
...
emerge --depclean <-- if updated sucessfully, then
¶ 8. Install crossdev on the PC
(rpi3Chr) h2nas01 / # emerge --ask sys-devel/crossdev
(rpi3Chr) h2nas01 / # nano /etc/portage/make.conf
(rpi3Chr) h2nas01 / # crossdev -t aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu --ov-output /opt/toolchains/ <-- I have to comment `CHOST="aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu"
<-- /etc/portage/make.conf
¶ 9. Using crossdev to build a cross compiler
before issuing the following command, I did setup
02-cross-devfirst
(chroot) h2Jammy / # crossdev -t aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
* crossdev version: 20230321
* Host Portage ARCH: amd64
* Host Portage System: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (i686-pc-linux-gnu x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
* Target Portage ARCH: arm64
* Target System: aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu
* Stage: 4 (C/C++ compiler)
* USE=multilib: no
* Target ABIs: arm64
* binutils: binutils-[latest]
* gcc: gcc-[latest]
* headers: linux-headers-[latest]
* libc: glibc-[latest]
* CROSSDEV_OVERLAY: /var/db/repos/crossdev
* PORT_LOGDIR: /var/log/portage
* PORTAGE_CONFIGROOT: /
* Portage flags:
_ - ~ - _ - ~ - _ - ~ - _ - ~ - _ - ~ - _ - ~ - _ - ~ - _ - ~ -
* leaving metadata/layout.conf alone in /var/db/repos/crossdev
_ - ~ - _ - ~ - _ - ~ - _ - ~ - _ - ~ - _ - ~ - _ - ~ - _ - ~ -
* Log: /var/log/portage/cross-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-binutils.log
* Emerging cross-binutils ... [ ok ]
* Log: /var/log/portage/cross-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc-stage1.log
* Emerging cross-gcc-stage1 ... [ ok ]
* Log: /var/log/portage/cross-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-linux-headers.log
* Emerging cross-linux-headers ... [ ok ]
* Log: /var/log/portage/cross-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-glibc.log
* Emerging cross-glibc ... [ ok ]
* Log: /var/log/portage/cross-aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc-stage2.log
* Emerging cross-gcc-stage2 ...
- test
(chroot) h2Jammy / # which aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc
/usr/bin/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc
(chroot) h2Jammy / # aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc --version
aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc (Gentoo 13.2.1_p20230826 p7) 13.2.1 20230826
Copyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
(chroot) h2Jammy / # gcc-config -l
[1] aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu-13 *
[2] x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-12 *
¶10. Fetch the Raspberry Pi firmware
emerge --ask dev-vcs/git
(rpi3Chr) h2nas01 / # emerge --ask dev-vcs/git
* IMPORTANT: 10 news items need reading for repository 'gentoo'.
* Use eselect news read to view new items.
These are the packages that would be merged, in order:
Calculating dependencies... done!
Dependency resolution took 1.93 s.
[ebuild N ] virtual/perl-Digest-MD5-2.580.100_rc
[ebuild N ] dev-perl/Error-0.170.290 USE="-test"
[ebuild N ] dev-perl/TimeDate-2.330.0-r1 USE="-test"
[ebuild N ] virtual/perl-IO-1.520.0
[ebuild N ] dev-perl/Mozilla-CA-20999999-r1 USE="-test"
[ebuild N ] virtual/perl-MIME-Base64-3.160.100_rc
[ebuild N ] virtual/perl-Digest-SHA-6.40.0
[ebuild N ] dev-perl/Digest-HMAC-1.40.0
[ebuild N ] dev-perl/Net-SSLeay-1.920.0-r1 USE="-examples -minimal -test"
[ebuild N ] dev-perl/Authen-SASL-2.160.0-r2 USE="-kerberos -test"
[ebuild N ] dev-perl/IO-Socket-SSL-2.83.0 USE="-examples -idn -test"
[ebuild N ] virtual/perl-libnet-3.150.0 USE="ssl"
[ebuild N ] dev-perl/MailTools-2.210.0 USE="-examples -test"
[ebuild N ] dev-vcs/git-2.41.0 USE="blksha1 curl gpg iconv nls pcre perl safe-directory webdav -cgi -cvs -doc -highlight -keyring -mediawiki -perforce (-selinux) -subversion -test -tk -xinetd" PYTHON_SINGLE_TARGET="python3_11 -python3_10 (-python3_12)"
Would you like to merge these packages? [Yes/No] Yes
>>> Verifying ebuild manifests
>>> Emerging (1 of 14) virtual/perl-Digest-MD5-2.580.100_rc::gentoo
* Fetching files in the background.
* To view fetch progress, run in another terminal:
* tail -f /var/log/emerge-fetch.log
>>> Unpacking source...
>>> Source unpacked in /var/tmp/portage/virtual/perl-Digest-MD5-2.580.100_rc/work
>>> Preparing source in /var/tmp/portage/virtual/perl-Digest-MD5-2.580.100_rc/work ...
>>> Source prepared.
>>> Configuring source in /var/tmp/portage/virtual/perl-Digest-MD5-2.580.100_rc/work ...
>>> Source configured.
>>> Compiling source in /var/tmp/portage/virtual/perl-Digest-MD5-2.580.100_rc/work ...
>>> Source compiled.
>>> Test phase [not enabled]: virtual/perl-Digest-MD5-2.580.100_rc
>>> Install virtual/perl-Digest-MD5-2.580.100_rc into /var/tmp/portage/virtual/perl-Digest-MD5-2.580.100_rc/image
>>> Completed installing virtual/perl-Digest-MD5-2.580.100_rc into /var/tmp/portage/virtual/perl-Digest-MD5-2.580.100_rc/image
* Final size of build directory: 4 KiB
* Final
...
* IMPORTANT: 10 news items need reading for repository 'gentoo'.
* Use eselect news read to view new items.
(rpi3Chr) h2nas01 / # which git
/usr/bin/git
- IMPORTANT: 10 news items need reading for repository 'gentoo'.
- Use eselect news read to view new items.
---