ยง2024-05-08
- How to read DMARC report, by ChatGPT
Reading DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance) reports can be a bit technical, but I'll try to simplify it for you:
1, Understand DMARC: DMARC is a protocol that helps email senders and receivers determine if the incoming email is from a legitimate sender. It works by authenticating the sender's domain through SPF (Sender Policy Framework) and DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail) records.
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Receive Reports: DMARC reports are generated by email receivers (usually email service providers) and sent to the email address specified in your DMARC record. These reports provide detailed information about emails claiming to be from your domain, including whether they passed or failed SPF and DKIM checks.
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Open the Report: When you receive a DMARC report, it typically comes in XML format. You can open it using a text editor or a specialized DMARC reporting tool.
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Review the Data: The report contains information about the emails received, including:
- IP Addresses: The IP addresses of the sending mail servers. SPF Results: Whether the email passed or failed SPF checks. DKIM Results: Whether the email passed or failed DKIM checks. Disposition: Indicates what action the receiver took based on your DMARC policy (e.g., "none," "quarantine," or "reject"). Authentication Results: Overall authentication results for each email. Message Count: The number of messages received from each IP address. Policy Reasons: Reasons why the email failed authentication or didn't comply with your DMARC policy. Analyze the Report: Look for patterns and anomalies in the data. For example: Are there any unauthorized sources trying to send emails on behalf of your domain? Are legitimate emails failing SPF or DKIM checks? Is your DMARC policy being correctly enforced by email receivers? Take Action: Based on your analysis, take appropriate actions such as: Adjusting your SPF and DKIM records to include legitimate sending sources. Configuring your DMARC policy to properly handle emails that fail authentication. Monitoring and updating your DMARC policy regularly to improve email security. Use Reporting Tools: Consider using DMARC reporting and analysis tools to automate the process and get insights into your email authentication practices. By understanding and analyzing DMARC reports, you can better protect your domain from email spoofing and phishing attacks.
hwo to uncompress ''protection.outlook.com!h2jammy.yushei.net!1714694400!1714780800.xml.gz' ChatGPT To uncompress the file "protection.outlook.com!h2jammy.yushei.net!1714694400!1714780800.xml.gz", which is in Gzip format, you can use various tools depending on your operating system:
Linux/macOS: You can use the gunzip command in the terminal. Here's the command:
Copy code gunzip protection.outlook.com!h2jammy.yushei.net!1714694400!1714780800.xml.gz This command will decompress the file and remove the ".gz" extension, leaving you with the uncompressed file.
Windows: If you're using Windows, you can use software like 7-Zip or WinRAR to decompress the file. Right-click on the compressed file, and you should see options to extract or decompress it using one of these tools.
After decompressing the file, you'll have the uncompressed XML file, which you can then open and view using a text editor or XML viewer.
This XML file does not appear to have any style information associated with it. The document tree is shown below.
<feedback xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<version>1.0</version>
<report_metadata>
<org_name>Outlook.com</org_name>
<email>dmarcreport@microsoft.com</email>
<report_id>9396619f0bf643aa80d23e61b5f2c9f7</report_id>
<date_range>
<begin>1714694400</begin>
<end>1714780800</end>
</date_range>
</report_metadata>
<policy_published>
<domain>h2jammy.yushei.net</domain>
<adkim>r</adkim>
<aspf>r</aspf>
<p>none</p>
<sp>none</sp>
<pct>100</pct>
<fo>0</fo>
</policy_published>
<record>
<row>
<source_ip>59.126.118.193</source_ip>
<count>1</count>
<policy_evaluated>
<disposition>none</disposition>
<dkim>pass</dkim>
<spf>pass</spf>
</policy_evaluated>
</row>
<identifiers>
<envelope_to>hotmail.com</envelope_to>
<envelope_from>h2jammy.yushei.net</envelope_from>
<header_from>h2jammy.yushei.net</header_from>
</identifiers>
<auth_results>
<dkim>
<domain>h2jammy.yushei.net</domain>
<selector>mail</selector>
<result>pass</result>
</dkim>
<spf>
<domain>h2jammy.yushei.net</domain>
<scope>mfrom</scope>
<result>pass</result>
</spf>
</auth_results>
</record>
</feedback>
$ dig -x 59.126.118.193
; <<>> DiG 9.18.19-1~deb12u1-Debian <<>> -x 59.126.118.193
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 49930
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 1232
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;193.118.126.59.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR
;; ANSWER SECTION:
193.118.126.59.in-addr.arpa. 86400 IN PTR mail.tht-textile.com.tw.
;; Query time: 6 msec
;; SERVER: 168.95.192.1#53(168.95.192.1) (UDP)
;; WHEN: Wed May 08 15:46:36 CST 2024
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 93